Which food item would the nurse encourage a patient at risk for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) to eat?

Kale salad is the most beneficial option for a patient at risk for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Leafy greens like kale are rich in lutein and zeaxanthin, which are carotenoids known to help protect the eyes from harmful high-energy light waves like ultraviolet rays. These nutrients can help filter out blue light and reduce the risk of developing AMD. In addition, kale provides a good source of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that contribute to overall eye health.

While the other options have their nutritional benefits, they do not provide the specific nutrients that are most beneficial for eye health in the context of AMD. Skim milk offers calcium and vitamin D but lacks the eye-protective properties of leafy greens. Lean protein contributes to overall health and wellness but is not directly linked to eye protection. Carrots and sweet potatoes are rich in beta-carotene, which is important for overall vision but doesn't offer the same level of protection against AMD as lutein and zeaxanthin found in kale. Therefore, incorporating kale salad into the diet can be particularly beneficial for someone concerned about AMD.